President Donald Trump ordered the strike group to travel to the area last month, and their arrival coincides with tensions with Venezuela and ongoing operations against suspected drug boats.
At least 76 persons have been killed in at least 19 US strikes against vessels in the Caribbean and eastern Pacific to date.
The US is allegedly "fabricating" a crisis in order to overthrow the country's left-wing socialist government, according to Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro and other officials.
The US Navy said in a statement that on November 11, the strike group entered US Southern Command's jurisdiction, which includes Latin America and the Caribbean.
Along with thousands of soldiers, a nuclear-powered submarine, and military aircraft stationed in Puerto Rico, the carrier group is joining a sizable military presence already stationed in the area.
When taken as a whole, they represent the greatest US presence in and around Latin America in decades.
The US has persisted in attacking purported drug boats in the area. According to the Trump administration, the attacks are required to stop the flow of drugs into the United States.
The US declared earlier this week that it had carried out two more strikes in the Pacific that resulted in six fatalities.
Tensions with the governments of Colombia and Venezuela have increased as a result of the boat strikes, and some observers are worried about human rights and due process breaches.
Trump minimized claims earlier in November that he intended to overthrow the Venezuelan government or declare war.
Trump claimed in an interview with CBS, the BBC's US news partner, that "every single boat that you see that's shot down kills 25,000 on drugs and destroys families all over our country."
Pushed on whether the US was planning any strikes on land, Trump refused to rule it out, saying:
"I wouldn't be inclined to say that I would do that... I'm not gonna tell you what I'm gonna do with Venezuela, if I was gonna do it or if I wasn't going to do it."
How will this deployment affect US relations with Venezuela and Cuba?
The deployment accompanies heightened U.S. military and covert conduct aimed at obliging Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro, whom the U.S. accuses of medicine trafficking and despotism.
It has increased indigenous pressures, with Maduro denouncing the U.S. presence as hostile and a trouble to sovereignty. The U.S. has authorized CIA covert operations and increased warrants, with military deployments intended to fight narco- terrorism and conceivably weaken Maduro’s governance. This has further strained political relations and fueled Venezuelan prayers for support from abettors like Russia and China.
The U.S. deployment also serves as a strategic counter to Cuban service and intelligence support for Venezuela. Cuba explosively rejects the U.S. military buildup in the Caribbean, seeing it as a direct trouble. Moscow's military ties with Cuba, including possible Russian deployments or bullet placements, complicate the security terrain.